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Penalties for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)

February 22nd, 2010

In my last post, I discussed the six elements of a driving while intoxicated (DWI) charge that the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt. Here, I discuss the penalties of a DWI.

For a first-time DWI, an accused faces:

  • A fine of up to $2,000
  • Three days to 180 days in jail
  • Loss of driver’s license up to a year
  • Annual fee of $1,000 or $2,000 for three years to retain driver license

A second-time DWI carries a possible:

  • Fine of up to $4,000
  • One month to a year in jail
  • Loss of driver’s license up to two years
  • Annual fee of $1,000, $1,500 or $2,000 for three years to retain driver license

A third-time DWI is a felony with even more serious consequences.

Probation is generally available for DWI and typically lasts a year or two. The contractual terms of probation are simple. The judge promises not to put the accused in jail, not make the accused pay the entire fine, and not take away the accused’s driver’s license. In exchange, if the accused agrees to the probation, the court typically imposes these conditions:

1.Report monthly to a probation officer.
2.Do not commit any further crimes during the term of probation.
3.Pay a monthly supervisory fee to the probation office (around $40).
4.Perform a specified number of community service (volunteer work) hours during the term of probation (between 24 and 80 hours)
5.Attend DWI awareness classes dealing with the effects of alcohol and/or listening to victims of DWI related tragedies.
6.Do not drink alcohol.
7.Pay all non-probated fines and court costs.
8.Make a $50 donation to M.A.D.D. and/or Crime Stoppers.
9.Any other requirements the court sets (e.g., remaining in the county of conviction, installing an Interlock device on your car, etc.).

Note that an administrative license revocation (ALR) may occur and is a separate issue from the criminal case. Texas has an “implied consent” law. This means that if an accused is arrested for DWI, the accused may choose not to provide a breath or blood sample for testing. However, the accused’s choice can result in suspension of his driving privileges for up to 180 days (assuming it is a first-time DWI).

Almost all DWI lawyers advise others never to volunteer a breath or blood sample if arrested for DWI. Such a sample, assuming it incriminates the accused, makes the DWI attorneys job tougher, but not impossible. Experienced Houston DWI attorneys and Harris County DWI lawyers know how to attack tests of a breath or blood specimen.

Proving Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)

February 15th, 2010

It is important to know Texas law regarding driving while intoxicated (DWI), particularly if you are charged with this offense.

The elements of DWI are defined in Texas Penal Code §49.04, which states: “A person commits an offense if the person is intoxicated while operating a motor vehicle in a public place”. The offense of DWI has six elements that the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt:

(1) The defendant,
(2) On or about a particular date
(3) Was operating a motor vehicle
(4) In a public place (street, highway, beach, parking lot, etc)
(5) In a particular county
(6) While intoxicated

Additionally, the prosecution can prove the sixth element–intoxication–beyond a reasonable doubt in three different ways:

(1) Not having the normal use of physical faculties OR
(2) Not having the normal use of mental faculties OR
(3) Having an blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08 or more

The “OR” in the above definition of intoxication means that the prosecution only has to prove one of the three ways of being intoxicated. Thus, if the accused gives a breath or blood sample under the legal limit, the prosecution can still argue that the accused has a low tolerance for alcohol, is intoxicated from substances other than alcohol alone, or had “sobered up” during the time that elapsed between his arrest and giving the sample.

The job of the criminal defense lawyer is to attack the elements of the alleged offense. Almost always, this means attacking the third, fourth, and particularly the sixth elements. Thus, a DWI attorney would cross-examine prosecution witnesses, or the DWI lawyer would introduce his own evidence, to discredit these offense elements.

Now that I have discussed the elements of DWI, I will discuss the serious direct and indirect consequences of a DWI conviction in my next post.